Under what circumstances may electricity be used on Shabbat?

The use of electricity on Shabbat is a complex topic within Jewish law, primarily due to the general prohibition of work (melacha) on this day. The circumstance that allows for the use of electricity is primarily when there is a life-threatening situation, as preserving life is considered one of the highest priorities in Jewish law.

This principle is rooted in the Torah, where the sanctity of life overrides other prohibitory rules. In situations where there is a risk to life, it is permitted to use electricity to ensure safety and health. For instance, if someone is in danger and requires medical assistance that necessitates turning on lights or using medical equipment, it is allowed to take these actions to save a life.

Other scenarios, such as performing necessary tasks or engaging in activities to enhance the celebration of Shabbat, do not provide the same level of justification for using electricity. In fact, electricity is generally prohibited unless it is essential for life-saving measures, thus underscoring the significance of life preservation over the observance of Shabbat restrictions.